1. For directions:
- dari = from
- di = at, in, on
- ke = to, towards
Examples:
- Dari adik. = From younger brother/sister.
- Di Jakarta. = In Jakarta.
- Ke Palembang. = To Palembang.
2. The prepositions above can be combined with prepositions indicating places or parts, such as:
- atas = on, above, over
- bawah = below, under
- dalam = inside
- luar = outside
- depan = front
- belakang = behind
- tengah = middle
- dekat = near
- sebelah = beside, next to
Examples:
- dari atas = from above
- di atas = above
- ke atas = up
- dari bawah = from somewhere below
- di bawah = below
- ke bawah = down
- dari luar = from outside
- di luar = outside
- ke luar = out
- dari depan = from the front, frontal
- di depan = at the front
- ke depan = to the front
- dari belakang = from behind
- di belakang = behind
- ke belakang = going back (also means the polite way to say "going to the toilet" when asking for an excuse to the toilet)
- dari tengah = from the middle
- di tengah = at the middle
- ke tengah = to the middle
- dari dekat = from nearby
- di dekat = near
- ke dekat = going closer to
- dari sebelah = from somewhere next to
- di sebelah = somewhere next to
- ke sebelah = going to somewhere next to
3. Sometimes we also drop the use of "dari", "di", "ke" from the preposition of places or parts in colloquial conversations.
Examples:
- di dalam = > dalam
- di dekat = > dekat
- di depan = > depan
4. Other Prepositions:
- dengan = with
- pakai = with (colloquial, as verb also means "to wear")
- pada = on, at (time, place)
- kepada = to (person)
- terhadap = towards
Examples:
- Dengan siapa? = With whom?
- Pakai apa? = With/using what? (colloquial)
- Pada bulan April tahun 2014. = On April, year 2014.
- Kepada ayah. = To father.
- Terhadap ibunya. = Towards his/her mother.
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